The majority of the historic grade “Chondrostei” comprise the Palaeoniscimorpha LUND et al. 1995 (= Basal Actinopteri ), which are the main focus of this volume. Today, the Holostei and Teleostei are considered monophyletic taxa a result that differs from PATTERSON (1973) who dismissed the holosteans as a grade and placed the Halecomorphi as sister group of the Teleostei. Currently, we recognize three monophyletic taxa; the Chondrostei, Holostei and Teleostei in the sense of MÜLLER (1845A).

The extant polypterids and chondrosteans are included in this volume together with their fossil relatives and the palaeoniscimorphs. In addition, we will deal with basal actinopterygians and basal osteichthyans, where the placement into Actinopterygii, Sarcopterygii or basal Osteichthyes is debated.

This published work and the nomenclatural acts it contains (replacement of preoccupied names) have been registered in ZooBank, the online registration system for the ICZN. The ZooBank LSIDs (Life Science Identifiers) can be resolved and the associated information viewed through any standard web browser by appending the LSID to the prefix http://zoobank.org/. The LSID for this publication is: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:0F2C9D33-9584-4739B914-5C4C243E0B1F.

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